高考英语高频单词精讲【4】（每篇含40个单词）

V4

1.    alarm [əˈlɑːm]  [əˈlɑːrm]

(资料图)

n.

1)惊恐；惊慌；恐慌

The doctor said there was no cause for alarm .

医生说不必惊慌。

2)警报

I hammered on all the doors to raise the alarm .

我敲打所有的门让大家警觉。

v.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心

The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn't want to alarm the passengers.

船长知道一台发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。

2.    album [ˈælbəm]

n.

1)相册；影集；集邮簿；集物簿册

a photo album

相册

2)（唱片或盒式磁带等上的）音乐专辑，歌曲专辑；歌集唱片

3.    alcohol [ˈælkəhɒl]  [ˈælkəhɔːl]

n.

1)含酒精饮料；酒

He never drinks alcohol.

他从来不喝酒。

2)酒精；乙醇

Wine contains about 10% alcohol.

葡萄酒含有约10%的酒精。

4.    alcoholic [ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk]  [ˌælkəˈhɑːlɪk]

adj.

1)酒精的；含酒精的

alcoholic drinks

含酒精的饮料

opp: non-alcoholic

2)饮酒引起的

The guests left in an alcoholic haze.

客人们醉醺醺地离去了。

n.酒精中毒者；嗜酒如命者；酒鬼

5.    algebra [ˈældʒɪbrə] n.代数

6.    alike [əˈlaɪk]

adj.相像；十分相似

My sister and I do not look alike.

我和我妹妹外貌不相像。

adv.

1)十分相像地；很相似地

They tried to treat all their children alike.

他们尽量对自己的孩子一视同仁。

2)两者都；同样地

Good management benefits employers and employees alike.

良好的管理对雇主和雇员同样有利。

7.    alive [əˈlaɪv]

adj.

1)活着；在世

We don't know whether he's alive or dead.

我们不知道他是死是活。

2)情绪饱满；激动兴奋；有生气；有活力

~ (with sth)

Ed was alive with happiness.

埃德高兴得眉飞色舞。

3)继续存在

keep a tradition alive

继承传统

4)充满（活的或动的东西）

~ with sth

The pool was alive with goldfish.

池塘里满是游来游去的金鱼。

5)意识到；认识到；注意到

~ to sth

be alive to the dangers/facts/possibilities

意识到危险；认识到事实；注意到可能

bring sth alive

使有趣

come alive

1)(主题或活动) 引起兴趣；生动起来

2)(地方) 热闹起来；活跃起来

3)(人) 兴致勃勃；有精神起来

8.    all [ɔːl]

det.

1)(与复数名词连用。名词前可用the、this、that、my、her、his等，也可用数词。) 所有；全部；全体；一切

All the people you invited are coming.

你邀请的人都会来。

2)(与不可数名词连用。名词前可用the、this、that、my、her、his等。) 所有；全部；一切

All wood tends to shrink.

所有的木头都会收缩。

3)（与单数名词连用，表示某事在某段时间内持续发生）全部的，整个的

He's worked hard all year.

他一年到头都在辛勤劳动。

4)极度；尽量

In all honesty (= being as honest as I can) , I can't agree.

说实在的，我不能同意。

5)唯一；全是；仅仅

The magazine was all advertisements.

这份杂志全是广告。

6)无论什么；任何

He denied all knowledge of the crime.

他矢口否认对这桩罪案知情。

and all that

以及诸如此类的

for all

1)尽管；虽然

2)（表示对某人不重要、无价值或无所谓）

pron.

1)所有；全部；全体；一切

All of the food has gone.

食物全光了。

2)唯一的事物；所有的事物；一切

All I want is peace and quiet.

我只要和平安宁。

(not) at all

一点也（不）；完全（不）

in all

总共；共计

not at all

（回答道谢的客套语）不用谢，哪儿的话

above all

最重要的是；尤其是

after all

1)毕竟；终归

2)（解释或说明理由）别忘了，到底

adv.

1)完全

He lives all alone.

他索居独处。

2)很；十分；非常

She was all excited.

她非常激动。

3)太；过分

~ too…

I'm all too aware of the problems.

我实在太明白这些问题了。

all over

到处；处处

all round

在各方面；全面

9.    allergic [əˈlɜːdʒɪk]

adj.

1)（对......）变态反应的，变应的，过敏的

~ (to sth)

I like cats but unfortunately I'm allergic to them.

我喜欢猫，但遗憾的是我对猫过敏。

2)变态反应性的；变应性的；过敏性的

an allergic reaction/rash

过敏性反应 / 皮疹

3)对......十分反感；厌恶

~ to sth

You could see he was allergic to housework.

你可以看出他很讨厌做家务。

10. alley [ˈæli]

n.（建筑群中间或后面的）小街，小巷，胡同

a narrow/dark alley

狭窄的 / 黑暗的小巷

11. allocate [ˈæləkeɪt]

v.拨......（给）；划......（归）；分配......（给）

A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.

已划拨了一大笔款子给图书馆购买新书。

More resources are being allocated to the project.

正在调拨更多的资源给这个项目。

12. allow [əˈlaʊ]

v.

1)允许；准许

His parents won't allow him to stay out late.

他的父母不会允许他在外待得很晚。

2)给予

You're allowed an hour to complete the test.

你们有一个小时的时间来完成这次测验。

3)允许进入（或出去、通过）

No dogs allowed (= you cannot bring them in) .

不准携狗入内。

4)使可能

A ramp allows easy access for wheelchairs.

坡道便于轮椅进出。

5)（为某目的）留出，给出

~ sth (for sb/sth)

You need to allow three metres of fabric for the dress.

这身衣服你需要用三米布料。

6)接受；承认；同意（某事属实或正确）

The judge allowed my claim.

法官同意我的要求。

He refuses to allow that such a situation could arise.

他拒不承认这种情况可能发生。

13. allowance [əˈlaʊəns]

n.

1)津贴；补贴；补助

Do you get an allowance for clothing?

你有服装补贴吗？

2)限额；定量

a baggage allowance of 20 kilos

行李限重20公斤

3)(BrE) 免税额

personal tax allowances

个人所得免税额

v.给......发津贴；按定量供给

14. almost [ˈɔːlməʊst]

adv.几乎；差不多

The story is almost certainly false.

这个故事几乎肯定是虚构的。

It's almost time to go.

是差不多该走的时候了。

15. alone [əˈləʊn]

adv.

1)独自

I don't like going out alone at night.

我不喜欢夜晚单独外出。

He lives alone.

他独居独处。

2)独力；单独

It's hard bringing up children alone.

一个人独力抚养孩子是艰难的。

3)孤苦伶仃；无依无靠；孤独；寂寞

I've been so alone since you went away.

你走了以后我一直很寂寞。

4)（用于名词或代词后）唯一，只有

You can't blame anyone else; you alone made the decision.

你不能责怪任何人，是你一人作的决定。

5)（用于名词或代词后以加强语气）仅仅，单，只

The shoes alone cost £200.

仅鞋子一项就花了200英镑。

leave/let sb alone

不打扰；不惊动

let alone

更不用说

stand alone

1)单独；独立

2)孤零零地矗立

16. along [əˈlɒŋ]  [əˈlɔːŋ]

prep.

1)沿着；顺着

They walked slowly along the road.

他们沿公路慢慢走。

2)靠着......边

Houses had been built along both sides of the river.

沿河两岸已盖起了房屋。

3)沿着......的某处（或旁边）

You'll find his office just along the corridor.

沿着走廊你就可以找到他的办公室。

adv.

1)向前

I was just walking along singing to myself.

我独自唱着歌向前走着。

2)（与某人）一道，一起

We're going for a swim. Why don't you come along?

我们要去游泳。你干吗不一起去？

3)越来越（好）

The book's coming along nicely.

这本书愈来愈好看了。

along with sb/sth

除......以外（还）；与......同样地

17. alongside [əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd]  [əˌlɔːŋˈsaɪd]

prep.

1)在......旁边；沿着......的边

A police car pulled up alongside us.

一辆警车在我们旁边停了下来。

2)与......一起；与......同时

Traditional beliefs still flourish alongside a modern urban lifestyle.

现代城市生活方式盛行的同时，传统信念仍然大行其道。

adv.在......的侧面；在......旁边；与......并排

Nick caught up with me and rode alongside.

尼克赶上了我，并排骑车前进。

18. aloud [əˈlaʊd]

adv.

1)出声地

He read the letter aloud to us.

他把信大声念给我们听。

2)大声地

She cried aloud in protest.

她大声抗议。

19. alphabet [ˈælfəbet] n.（一种语言的）字母表，全部字母

20. already [ɔːlˈredi]

adv.

1)已经；早已

We got there early but Mike had already left.

我们及早到了那里，但是迈克已经离开了。

2)（表示惊奇）已经，都

Is it 10 o'clock already?

都10点钟了？

3)（强调情况或问题存在）已经

There are far too many people already. We can't take any more.

已经有太多的人了。我们再也接待不了啦。

21. also [ˈɔːlsəʊ]

adv.(不与否定动词连用) 而且；此外；也；同样

She's fluent in French and German. She also speaks a little Italian.

她的法语和德语讲得流利，也会说一点意大利语。

I didn't like it that much. Also, it was much too expensive.

我并不怎么喜欢它。再说它太贵了。

Jake's father had also been a doctor (= both Jake and his father were doctors) .

杰克的父亲也是医生。

She was not only intelligent but also very musical.

她不仅聪明，而且极具音乐天分。

22. alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv]

n.可供选择的事物

You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives.

你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。

We had no alternative but to fire Gibson.

我们别无他法，只有辞退吉布森。

adj.

1)可供替代的

Do you have an alternative solution?

你有没有别的解决办法？

2)非传统的；另类的

alternative comedy/lifestyles/values

非传统喜剧 / 生活方式 / 价值观

23. although [ɔːlˈðəʊ]

conj.

1)虽然；尽管；即使

syn: though

Although the sun was shining it wasn't very warm.

尽管太阳高照，却不很暖和。

2)不过；然而

I felt he was wrong, although I didn't say so at the time.

我觉得他错了，不过我当时没有说出来。

24. altitude [ˈæltɪtjuːd]  [ˈæltɪtuːd]

n.

1)海拔；海拔高度；高程

The plane made a dive to a lower altitude.

飞机俯冲到较低高度。

2)（海拔高的）高处，高地

Snow leopards live at high altitudes .

雪豹生活在海拔高的地区。

25. altogether [ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə(r)]

adv.

1)（用以强调）完全，全部

The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether.

火车愈来愈慢，最后完全停了。

I don't altogether agree with you.

我不完全同意你的意见。

2)（表示总数或总额）总共，一共

You owe me £68 altogether.

你一共欠我68英镑。

3)总之；总而言之

The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.

吃的不错，音乐我们也喜欢。总之，那天晚上过得非常愉快。

n.整个

26. aluminium [ˌæljəˈmɪniəm]

n.铝

aluminium saucepans/window frames

铝锅 / 窗框

27. always [ˈɔːlweɪz]

adv.

1)总是；每次都是

There's always somebody at home in the evenings.

晚上总有人在家。

Always lock your car.

每次都要把汽车锁上。

2)一直；一贯

Pat has always loved gardening.

帕特一直喜爱园艺。

3)（将）永远

I'll always love you.

我将永远爱你。

4)（讨厌地）老是，一再

She's always criticizing me.

她老是批评我。

5)（建议可能的行动）总还，总还有

If he can't help, there's always John.

如果他帮不上忙，总还有约翰呢。

28. am [əm] v.是（be 的第一人称单数现在时）

29. a.m./A.M. [ˌeɪ ˈem] abbr.午夜至正午，上午，午前（源自拉丁语ante meridiem）

30. amateur [ˈæmətə(r)]

n.

1)业余爱好者；业余运动员

The tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.

这次锦标赛业余选手和职业选手均可参加。

2)生手；外行

opp:  professional

This work was done by a bunch of amateurs!

这项工作是一帮外行干的！

adj.

1)业余爱好的

an amateur photographer

业余摄影爱好者

2)业余的

amateur athletics

业余体育运动

31. amaze [əˈmeɪz]

v.使惊奇；使惊愕；使惊诧

What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.

使我惊诧的是，她竟然能把这件事瞒了我们这么久。

32. amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ]

adj.令人大为惊奇的；（尤指）令人惊喜（或惊羡、惊叹）的

syn: astounding, incredible

an amazing achievement/discovery/success/performance

惊人的成就 / 发现 / 成功 / 表演

It's amazing how quickly people adapt.

人适应环境的速度之快真是惊人。

33. ambassador [æmˈbæsədə(r)]

n.大使；使节

the British Ambassador to Italy/in Rome

英国驻意大利 / 罗马大使

a former ambassador to the UN

前任驻联合国大使

34. ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjuəs]

adj.

1)模棱两可的；含混不清的

an ambiguous word/term/statement

模棱两可的词 / 用语 / 说法

Her account was deliberately ambiguous.

她的陈述故意含混不清。

2)不明确的

opp: unambiguous

His role has always been ambiguous.

他的角色一直不明确。

35. ambition [æmˈbɪʃn]

n.

1)追求的目标；夙愿

~ (to be/do sth) | ~ (of being/doing sth)

She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.

她一直未能实现当名作家的夙愿。

2)野心；雄心；志向；抱负

She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.

她很聪明，但却缺乏远大志向。

36. ambulance [ˈæmbjələns]

n.救护车

the ambulance service

救护车服务

ambulance staff

救护车全体人员

Call an ambulance!

叫救护车！

37. America [əˈmerɪkə] n.美国；美洲

38. American [əˈmerɪkən]

n.美洲人；（尤指）美国人；美国英语

adj.美洲的；（尤指）美国的

39. among [əˈmʌŋ]

prep.

1)在......中；周围是

a house among the trees

树林中的一座房子

It's OK, you're among friends now.

好了，现在你的周围都是朋友了。

2)在（其）中；......之一

A British woman was among the survivors.

幸存者中有一位英国妇女。

He was among the last to leave.

他是最后离开者之一。

3)在三者或以上中（分配或选择）

They divided the money up among the children.

他们把钱分给了孩子们。

40. amount [əˈmaʊnt]

n.

1)金额

The insurance company will refund any amount due to you.

保险公司将退还你应得的所有款项。

2)(尤与不可数名词连用) 数量；数额

~ (of sth)

The server is designed to store huge amounts of data.

该服务器是为存储大量数据设计的。

v.

1)总计；共计

They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to much (= they did not give me much help) .

起初他们给了我一些帮助，但帮助不大。

2)等于；相当于

Their actions amount to a breach of contract.

他们的行为已属违反合同。

关键词： 生活方式 模棱两可 变态反应